The success of the nickel-metal hydride battery has been driven by its high energy density and the use of environmentally-friendly metals. The modern nickel-metal hydride battery, for instance, offers up to 40% higher energy density compared to the standard nickel-cadmium battery. There is potential for yet higher capacities, but not without some negative side effects.
The nickel-metal hydride battery is less durable than the nickel-cadmium battery, as cycling under heavy load and storage at high temperature reduces its service life. Nickel-metal hydride also suffers from high self-discharge, which is higher than that of nickel-cadmium.
Nickel-metal hydride has been replacing nickel-cadmium in markets such as wireless communications and mobile computing. Experts agree that nickel-metal hydride has greatly improved over the years, but limitations remain. Most shortcomings are native to the nickel-based technology and are shared with nickel-cadmium. It is widely accepted that nickel-metal hydride is an interim step to lithium-based battery technology.
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